Car and Truck Repair

[Fix Your Stuff](/Guide) [Community](/Community) [Store](/Store) Free Shipping on Domestic Orders $75+ [Car and Truck](#main) Table of Contents * [Background](#Section_Background) * [Identification](#Section_Identification) * [Repair Documentation](#Section_Repair_Documentation) * [Additional Information](#Section_Additional_Information) * [Edit](/Device/Edit/Car_and_Truck) * Options * [History](/Device/History/Car_and_Truck) # Car and Truck Repair Repair manuals and support for 4-wheeled passenger and cargo vehicles. Author: [Andrew Optimus Goldheart](/User/104104/Andrew+Optimus+Goldheart) [(and 16 other contributors)](/Device/History/Car_and_Truck) [Create a Guide](/Guide/new/Device/Car%20and%20Truck) ## 66 Categories [New Page](/New?topic=Car%20and%20Truck) [##### Jaguar](/Device/Jaguar) [##### Jeep](/Device/Jeep) [##### Kia](/Device/Kia) [##### Land Rover](/Device/Land_Rover) [##### Lexus](/Device/Lexus) [##### Lincoln](/Device/Lincoln) [##### Lotus](/Device/Lotus) [##### Mazda](/Device/Mazda) [##### Mercedes-Benz](/Device/Mercedes-Benz) [##### Mercury](/Device/Mercury) [##### Mini](/Device/Mini) [##### Mitsubishi](/Device/Mitsubishi) [##### Morris Garages (MG) Car](/Device/Morris_Garages) [##### Nissan](/Device/Nissan) [##### Oldsmobile](/Device/Oldsmobile) [##### Peugeot](/Device/Peugeot) [##### Pontiac](/Device/Pontiac) [##### Porsche](/Device/Porsche) [##### Renault](/Device/Renault) [##### Rivian](/Device/Rivian) [##### Saab](/Device/Saab) [##### Saturn](/Device/Saturn) [##### Scion](/Device/Scion) [##### Seat](/Device/Seat) [##### Smart](/Device/Smart) [##### Subaru](/Device/Subaru) [##### Suzuki](/Device/Suzuki) [##### Tesla](/Device/Tesla) [##### Toyota](/Device/Toyota) [##### Bugatti](/Device/Bugatti) [##### Ferrari](/Device/Ferrari) [##### Geely](/Device/Geely) [##### Lamborghini](/Device/Lamborghini) [##### Mahindra](/Device/Mahindra) [##### Vauxhall](/Device/Vauxhall) [##### Volkswagen](/Device/Volkswagen) [##### Volvo](/Device/Volvo) [##### Willys-Overland](/Device/Willys-Overland) [##### Auto Part](/Device/Auto_Part) [##### Auto Accessory](/Device/Auto_Accessory) [##### Dacia Repair](/Device/Automobile_Dacia) [##### Edison Motors](/Device/Edison_Motors) [##### Micro](/Device/Micro_Mobility_Systems) [##### Polestar](/Device/Polestar) [##### Rolls-Royce](/Device/Rolls-Royce) [##### Škoda](/Device/Skoda) [##### Slate](/Device/Slate_Auto) [##### Telo](/Device/Telo) [##### VinFast](/Device/VinFast) ## Guides ### [Replacement Guides](#Section_Replacement) [Featured Battery](/Guide/Car+and+Truck+Battery+Replacement/66817) [Brake Pads](/Guide/Brake+Pads+Replacement/56171) [Car Battery Terminal](/Guide/How+to+Replace+a+Corroded+Car+Battery+Terminal/37588) [Car Seat Belt Stopper](/Guide/Car+Seat+Belt+Stopper+Replacement/172878) [Car Tire Valve Stem](/Guide/Car+Tire+Valve+Stem+Replacement/121415) [Clutch](/Guide/International+Scout+80+Clutch+replacement/3010) [Floorboard Carpeting](/Guide/Repair+Loose+Floorboard+Carpet+in+Vehicle/120304) [HID Headlight Bulb](/Guide/How+to+Replace+HID+Headlight+Bulbs/67468) [Headlights](/Guide/How+to+Install+an+HID+Conversion+Kit/39346) [How To Clean Car Floor Mats](/Guide/How+To+Clean+Car+Floor+Mats/22288) [LED Pod Light](/Guide/Install+LED+Pod+Lights+on+a+Off-Road+Truck+Jeep/75802) [LED Tailgate Strip Light](/Guide/Trunk+LED+Tailgate+Strip+Light+Installation/36014) [License plate bulbs](/Guide/How+to+Install+LED+License+Plate+Lights/35531) [Oil and Oil Filter](/Guide/How+To+Do+An+Oil+Change+With+An+Oil+Extractor-Pump/145280) [Philips Style LED Daytime Running Lights Upgrade](/Guide/How+To+Install+Universal+Fit+LED+Daytime+Running+Lights/35524) [Tow Hitch Pod Light](/Guide/iJDMTOY+Tow+Hitch+LED+Pod+Light++Installation/62427) [Tow Hook Mount](/Guide/Install+iJDMTOY+Front+Bumper+Tow+Hook+License+Plate+Adapter/36816) [Truck OEM Halogen Bulbs Cab Roof Marker Lights](/Guide/How+To+Install+Universal+LED+Cab+Roof+Lights+For+A+Truck/35508) [Wheel Lock](/Guide/How+to+Remove+a+Wheel+Lock+Without+a+Key/137266) [Wiper Blades](/Guide/Car+and+Truck+Wiper+Blades+Replacement/166672) [license plate lights](/Guide/Install+LED+License+Plate+Lights/41808) [spark plugs and ignition/coil pack](/Guide/ANY+CAR++spark+plugs+and+ignition-coil+pack++Replacement/150417) ### [Techniques](#Section_Technique) [Car Window Cleaning Hack](/Guide/Car+Window+Cleaning+Hack/173718) [Featured Debadging a Car](/Guide/Debadging+a+Car/7299) [Hand Painting a Car](/Guide/Hand+Painting+a+Car/7307) [How To Diagnose an Engine Misfire](/Guide/How+To+Diagnose+an+Engine+Misfire/36070) [How To Remove Hardened Masking Tape From Car Paint](/Guide/How+To+Remove+Hardened+Masking+Tape+From+Car+Paint/37592) [How jump start a Car or Truck](/Guide/How+jump+start+a+Car+or+Truck/156137) [How to Blacken plastic car fenders / bumpers](/Guide/How+to+Blacken+plastic+car+fenders+-+bumpers/133905) [How to Check a Car's Tire Pressure](/Guide/How+to+Check+a+Car's+Tire+Pressure/122176) [How to Diagnose an Engine Problem](/Guide/How+to+Diagnose+an+Engine+Problem/56172) [How to Disconnect a Car or Truck Battery](/Guide/How+to+Disconnect+a+Car+or+Truck+Battery/66802) [How to Fix A Rusted Hitch](/Guide/How+to+Fix+A+Rusted+Hitch/120250) [How to Fix Paint Chips or Large Scratches on a Car](/Guide/How+to+Fix+Paint+Chips+or+Large+Scratches+on+a+Car/134188) [How to Fix a Car Dent](/Guide/How+to+Fix+a+Car+Dent/119635) [How to Fix a Car with No Heat](/Guide/How+to+Fix+a+Car+with+No+Heat/56168) [How to Fix a Loose Car Window](/Guide/How+to+Fix+a+Loose+Car+Window/76910) [How to Jack Up a Car (or Truck)](/Guide/How+to+Jack+Up+a+Car+(or+Truck)/67013) [How to Read Your Tire Size](/Guide/How+to+Read+Your+Tire+Size/170999) [How to Remove Rust on Car Body](/Guide/How+to+Remove+Rust+on+Car+Body/156086) [How to Remove Scratches from a Car's Interior](/Guide/How+to+Remove+Scratches+from+a+Car's+Interior/139075) [How to Remove Stickers From a Car](/Guide/How+to+Remove+Stickers+From+a+Car/144955) [How to Repair Automobile Scratches & Paint Chips](/Guide/How+to+Repair+Automobile+Scratches+&+Paint+Chips/148560) [How to Repair Car Scratches](/Guide/How+to+Repair+Car+Scratches/142050) [How to Repair a Scratch On a Car](/Guide/How+to+Repair+a+Scratch+On+a+Car/142091) [How to Repair a Stuck Car Door Latch](/Guide/How+to+Repair+a+Stuck+Car+Door+Latch/133629) [How to Repair a Windshield Chip or Crack](/Guide/How+to+Repair+a+Windshield+Chip+or+Crack/56169) [How to Replace Your Cabin Filter](/Guide/How+to+Replace+Your+Cabin+Filter/169921) [Featured How to Restore Foggy Car Headlights](/Guide/How+to+Restore+Foggy+Car+Headlights/149354) [How to Safely Raise a Vehicle Using Ramps](/Guide/How+to+Safely+Raise+a+Vehicle+Using+Ramps/66951) [How to Sew Torn Car Seat Upholstery](/Guide/How+to+Sew+Torn+Car+Seat+Upholstery/104663) [How to Temporarily Fix Minor Radiator Leaks](/Guide/How+to+Temporarily+Fix+Minor+Radiator+Leaks/56173) [How to check the electrolyte level in a sealed, "maintenance free" battery](/Guide/How+to+check+the+electrolyte+level+in+a+sealed+%22maintenance+free%22+battery/164322) [How to fix autobody dents and cracks](/Guide/How+to+fix+autobody+dents+and+cracks/7325) [How to know the manufacture's date of an automobile battery before buying it?](/Guide/How+to+know+the+manufacture's+date+of+an+automobile+battery+before+buying+it-/157710) [How to set up a warning triangle](/Guide/How+to+set+up+a+warning+triangle/156139) [How to wind back the EPB, electronic parking brake, to change rear brake pads](/Guide/How+to+wind+back+the+EPB+electronic+parking+brake+to+change+rear+brake+pads/116105) [Removing Aftermarket Vehicle Window Tinting](/Guide/Removing+Aftermarket+Vehicle+Window+Tinting/181447) [Repairing Vehicle Headliner](/Guide/Repairing+Vehicle+Headliner/9739) ## [Troubleshooting](/Troubleshooting/Car_and_Truck) [New Page](/New?topic=Car%20and%20Truck) [##### Diagnosing Suspension Knocks](/Troubleshooting/Car_and_Truck/Diagnosing+Suspension+Knocks/514096) [View all common problems](/Troubleshooting/Car_and_Truck) ## Related Pages [New Page](/New?topic=Car%20and%20Truck) [##### Everything You Need to Know about Cabin Air Filters](/Wiki/Cabin_Air_Filter) [##### Everything You Need to Know about Engine Air Filters](/Wiki/Engine_Air_Filter) [##### Sticky Steering Wheel](/Wiki/Sticky_Steering_Wheel) ## [Popular Forum Questions](/Answers/Device/Car_and_Truck) [Ask a Question](/Answers/Ask/Car+and+Truck) | | | | --- | --- | | 21 Answers 45 Score | [Need to turn off passlock](/Answers/View/75825/Need+to+turn+off+passlock "Hi, all. The passlock feature on my truck engages occasionally without cause, making me sit and wait out the 10-minute...") [Chevrolet](/Answers/Device/Chevrolet) | | 6 Answers 17 Score | [truck not starting,has power but not turnover sound](/Answers/View/280416/truck+not+starting,has+power+but+not+turnover+sound "insert key no bing sound but has power") [Car and Truck](/Answers/Device/Car_and_Truck) | | 6 Answers 4 Score | [What and where is the ASD relay](/Answers/View/252231/What+and+where+is+the+ASD+relay "I have lost all electrical power to my 07 Dodge. It is completely dead. I have checked the battery and fuses and all are...") [2002-2008 Dodge Ram](/Answers/Device/2002-2008_Dodge_Ram) | | 4 Answers 1 Score | [How to clear a clogged catalytic converter](/Answers/View/426673/How+to+clear+a+clogged+catalytic+converter "My secondary catalytic converter is clogged coming from the exhaust manifold down past the first catalytic converter into...") [Car and Truck](/Answers/Device/Car_and_Truck) | ## Documents ## [Tools](https://www.ifixit.com/Tools) These are some common tools used to work on this device. You might not need every tool for every procedure. * [Electrical Tape in 6 Assorted Colors](https://www.ifixit.com/products/electrical-tape-in-6-assorted-colors) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/electrical-tape-in-6-assorted-colors) * [Smart Wrench](https://www.ifixit.com/products/smart-wrench) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/smart-wrench) * [Nitrile Gloves 100 Box](https://www.ifixit.com/products/nitrile-gloves-100-box) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/nitrile-gloves-100-box) * [Digital Multimeter](https://www.ifixit.com/products/digital-multimeter) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/digital-multimeter) * [Smart Wrench](https://www.ifixit.com/products/smart-wrench) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/smart-wrench) * [Detailing Brush](https://www.ifixit.com/products/detailing-brush) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/detailing-brush) * [Narwhal 6-in-1 Driver](https://www.ifixit.com/products/narwhal-driver-standard) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/narwhal-driver-standard) * [Mahi Driver Kit - 48 Bit Driver Kit](https://www.ifixit.com/products/mahi-driver-kit-48-bit-driver-kit) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/mahi-driver-kit-48-bit-driver-kit) * [Microfiber Cleaning Cloths](https://www.ifixit.com/products/microfiber-cleaning-cloths) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/microfiber-cleaning-cloths) * [Plastic Cards](https://www.ifixit.com/products/plastic-cards) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/plastic-cards) * [Utility Razor Blades 5-Pack](https://www.ifixit.com/products/utility-razor-blades-5-pack) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/utility-razor-blades-5-pack) * [Utility Scissors](https://www.ifixit.com/products/utility-scissors) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/utility-scissors) * [IA-3952 - Max Professional Consumable Isopropyl Alcohol](https://www.ifixit.com/products/ia-3952-max-professional-consumable-isopropyl-alcohol) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/ia-3952-max-professional-consumable-isopropyl-alcohol) * [Heat Gun](https://www.ifixit.com/products/heat-gun) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/heat-gun) * [Precision Utility Knife](https://www.ifixit.com/products/precision-utility-knife) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/precision-utility-knife) * [Nitrile Gloves 100 Box](https://www.ifixit.com/products/nitrile-gloves-100-box) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/nitrile-gloves-100-box) * [Flathead 1.5 mm Screwdriver](https://www.ifixit.com/products/flathead-1-5-mm-screwdriver) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/flathead-1-5-mm-screwdriver) * [Magnetic Project Mat](https://www.ifixit.com/products/magnetic-project-mat) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/magnetic-project-mat) * [Large Needle Nose Pliers](https://www.ifixit.com/products/large-needle-nose-pliers) [View](https://www.ifixit.com/products/large-needle-nose-pliers) A car (or automobile) is a wheeled motor vehicle used by humans for transportation. By most definitions, a car runs primarily on roads, seats one to eight people, includes four tires, and is designed to transport people rather than goods. Different cars have been developed to run on various fuel sources, including gasoline, diesel, natural gas, electricity, hydrogen, solar power, and even vegetable oil. Karl Benz is commonly credited with the invention of the modern automobile, but the first steam-powered automobile capable of human transportation was built by Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot in 1769. Hayden Wischett designed the first car powered by the de Rivaz engine, a hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine. Several more innovations continued throughout the 1800s, including the invention of the internal combustion engine in 1823 by Samuel Brown, an English engineer. It was not until 1880 that Karl Benz developed a petrol- or gasoline-powered automobile that was powered by a single-cylinder, four-stroke engine. Karl Benz patented his Benz Patent-Motorwagen in 1886, which is regarded as the birth year of the modern automobile. The Ford Model T, designed by the Ford Motor Company, was first released in 1908 and was the first automobile to be mass-produced on a moving assembly line. Over 15,000,000 Model T cars were produced by Ford between the years of 1913 and 1927. Identifying your automobile requires knowing both the make (manufacturer) and model of the automobile, as well as the model year. Most automobiles have "generations," where few—if any—major changes are made to the design for multiple years. ## Repair Documentation ## Additional Information * [Cars on Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car) * [Pickup Trucks on Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickup_truck) * [Automobile History](https://www.history.com/topics/inventions/automobiles) ***Manufacturer names and logos are used only to identify compatible vehicles. iFixit is not affiliated with or endorsed by any vehicle manufacturer.*** ### [Author](#author) with [16 other contributors](/Device/History/Car_and_Truck) #### [Andrew Optimus Goldheart](/User/104104/Andrew+Optimus+Goldheart) Member since: 10/17/09 512,860 Reputation 407 Guides authored [Badges: 44](/User/Graph/104104/Andrew+Optimus+Goldheart) [+41 more badges](/User/Graph/104104/Andrew+Optimus+Goldheart) ### Team #### [iFixit](/Team/1/iFixit) Member of [iFixit](/Team/1/iFixit) 123 Members 23,968 Guides authored **View Statistics:** Past 24 Hours: 0 Past 7 Days: 0 Past 30 Days: 89,631 All Time: 4,932,624